Frequently asked questions about pregnancy (FAQs)

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Once you find out you're expecting you're likely to have plenty of pregnancy questions. First-time mothers will probably be apprehensive about the whole thing and as no two pregnancies are alike, you're likely to come up with new and different pregnancy questions even if you already have children. Some of the most frequently asked pregnancy questions are answered below.

Will smoking harm my baby?

Smoking while you are pregnant means you are subjecting the baby to serious health risks. The nicotine decreases blood flow to the baby, and the carbon monoxide decreases the amount of oxygen the blood contains - two factors that contribute to low birth weights and consequent developmental problems. Smoking also puts you at greater risk of complications such as miscarriage, early delivery and placental abruption. Smoking may also contribute to a greater risk of infant death syndrome (cot death). Give up smoking while pregnant if at all possible or at least cut down on the number of cigarettes you smoke each day. It's the best possible thing you can do to help your baby.

How much alcohol can I safely drink?

The best advice is to drink moderately and only occasionally. Even moderate daily drinking - just having one or two drinks a day - can cause problems such as low birth weight, difficult labor and increased risks of miscarriage. Heavy drinking or binge drinking can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), a condition than can cause a range of birth defects and serious developmental problems.

What is normal weight gain?

Normal weight gain is calculated using your body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy. If you are underweight before you become pregnant (have a BMI of les than 19.8) your recommended weight gain is between 12.5kg and 18kg (28 to 40lb). If you have an average BMI (19.8 to 26) before pregnancy you should gain between 11.5kg and 16kg (25 to 35lb). If you are overweight before getting pregnant (have a BMI above 26) you should gain between 7kg and 11.5kg (15 to 25lb). For more information see out page on pregnancy weight gain.

What foods should I avoid?

Some foods carry a greater risk of harbouring bacteria and should be avoided during pregnancy. These include unpasteurized, blue and mould ripened cheeses, raw fish, uncooked shellfish, anything containing raw eggs (including homemade ice cream and mousse), hot dogs, and any cooked food chilled for reheating.

Are there any household products I should avoid?

Some household products contain very strong chemicals and although they have not been proven to be harmful to your child they are best avoided during pregnancy. Avoid anything with strong fumes such as oven cleaner and let someone else do any painting as some paints include lead and mercury. Also avoid insecticides or choose environmentally friendly products instead.

Can I have sex while pregnant?

Sex while pregnant is normally safe though you may have to adjust your position to allow for that bump. Women who have a history of miscarriage may be advised to avoid having intercourse during the first trimester and those with a history of early births should avoid it in the final trimester. Speak to your doctor if you have any concerns.

I've got a fever, can I take any medication?

You should check with your doctor before taking any medication while pregnant. This includes over-the-counter medications such as aspirin and homeopathic medicines.

Can I use the Jacuzzi?

Regulating your body temperature is important during pregnancy. Studies suggest that increasing your temperature above 38.9C (102 F) for more than ten minutes in the first seven weeks of pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage or some neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Avoid overheating during the first trimester of pregnancy, and only use Jacuzzis occasionally and for short periods of time (less than ten minutes) for the rest of your pregnancy.

How late in my pregnancy can I fly?

Although most airlines will allow you to fly until week 36 you need to check with each one and with your doctor before booking any tickets. Most airlines require a letter from your doctor to state that you are fit to fly. Make sure to stretch your legs and walk around during the flight and drink plenty of water. It's also a good idea to ask for an aisle seat so you don't disturb your neighbour when making those frequent trips to the loo.

I'm late in my pregnancy should I wear a seatbelt in the car?

The seat belt will not hurt you or your baby even if you are involved in an accident; there is a greater risk of injury if you do not wear your seat belt. Wear the seatbelt normally across the shoulder and under, rather than over, your bump.

Finding out you are about to have a baby can be a wonderful but daunting discovery and will fill your mind with pregnancy questions. Check out our other pages for more advice on specific questions and speak to your doctor and midwife if you're concerned or unsure about anything. You're not expected to know it all, even if this isn't your first pregnancy. Don't be afraid to ask, your health professionals are there to help.

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