Acne creams - what are the pros and cons?

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Acne cream can be divided into two main categories: those that can be purchased over the counter and those that require a prescription from a doctor or dermatologist. Because prescription acne cream is dispensed on the recommendation of a doctor, it is thought to be the most effective. However it can also be the most expensive.

Prescription-only Acne Cream

(Depending on what country you live in, some of these creams may not require a prescription)

Topical (applied to the skin) Antibiotics

The use of topical antibiotics on their own is not usually recommended, they are usually used in conjunction with other treatments. Long term use of an antibiotic acne cream can lead to an increased risk for antibiotic resistance in skin bacteria.

Clindamycin and erythromycin are two of the most popular antibiotics used in acne cream. They work by reducing the amount of P. acnes bacteria (acne causing bacteria) as well as decreasing inflammation. Possible side effects may include skin dryness and irritation. Topical antibiotics ideally combine with benzoyl peroxide.

Topical Retinoids

Acne cream containing retinoids are derived from Vitamin C and used to treat acne ranging from mild to severe. Retinoids work to unclog the pores and prevent whiteheads and blackheads from forming. Creams containing retinoids tretinoin or isotretinoin usually require a doctor’s prescription whereas those containing the retinoids, retinaldehyde and retinol can usually be purchased over the counter.

Possible side effects may include skin irritation and increased sensitivity to the sun. Always apply a SPF sunscreen when exposed to the sun and avoid using sun beds and sunlamps. On a more positive note, it is thought that acne cream containing retinoids may help diminish the signs of aging.

Over The Counter Acne Creams

Benzoyl Peroxide

Creams containing benzoyl peroxide, work by killing P. acnes (bacteria causing acne). It doesn’t have anti-inflammatory abilities but it can help reduce bacterial resistance if this has arisen from antibiotic treatment. Benzoyl peroxide is found in many other products such as, gel, lotion, shampoo and cleanser; it also comes in different strengths. Possible side effects or problems may include dryness of the treated area, skin irritation and bleaching of clothing.

Azelaic Acid

Acne cream containing azelaic acid is used to treat mild to moderate inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne. Azelaic acid is a natural material it is produced by yeast that lives on normal skin. Azelaic acid works by reducing the number of P.acne bacteria in the follicles as well as reducing inflammation. Acne responds slowly to treatment containing azelaic acid but improvements should be seen after a month of use. Azelaic acid is non toxic and doesn’t produce any major side effects but it may cause irritation to those who have eczema or sensitive skin.

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